Symbolism In Cuckoo free essay sample

# 8217 ; s Nest Essay, Research Paper Religious Symbolism and Allusion in One Flew over the Cuckoo s Nest Ken Kesey s novel, One Flew over the Cuckoo s Nest, can be based upon some spiritual signifier of literary unfavorable judgment. The general subject was that apparently incapacitated persons could be delivered from the barbarous environment they had subjected themselves to. The Jesus can be religion itself or the object of faith such as Jesus Christ or as in the novel, Cuckoo s Nest, Randle P. McMurphy. Many analogues exist between One Flew over the Cuckoo s Nest and traditional Christian philosophy. The chief character, Randle P. McMurphy, was a Christ-like figure. Both McMurphy and Christ were influential and had a little dedicated followers. Christ frequently the Judaic rite of the jurisprudence and blamed the Scribes and pharisees ( the existences with power ) for being dissemblers. In the same mode, McMurphy frequently caused a splash be facing the system on the ward and its important figures. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism In Cuckoo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An first-class illustration of this was when McMurphy demanded to watch the World Series and caused a major perturbation on the ward. Another similarity was that Christ and McMurphy were foreigners in the universe they became a portion of. Christ was a God-man made flesh. His place was ageless in Eden and he would abandon this to come to this universe. He sacrificed his place in Eden and his life of flawlessness to come into an imperfect universe. Jesus was placed in a universe of full of wickedness ; although, he knew no wickedness which separated him from everyone else. McMurphy, on the other manus, was non of the universe of the insane. He was a really normal adult male who had planned to get away life on the work farm by coming to be evaluated on the ward. In fact, McMurphy was wholly different from the other patients. The patients on the ward suffered from a scope of unwellnesss which none could really be diagnosed as mental unwellness. The patients were victims of subjugation because they can non work within society. McMurphy and Christ were functional figures in society and led their followings to freedom fr om their different types of struggle. Christ healed the ill and delivered the bondage while McMurphy helped reconstruct a sense of being to the patients. An illustration of this is when the control panel was used by McMurphy to reconstruct the Chief dorsum to his original province of being strong. McMurphy asked, will you assure me that you can raise the panel if I get you large as you used to be and you non merely acquire my particular body-building class but yo U besides acquire a 10 vaulting horse fishing trip free! This type of concluding finally freed Chief from low self-image. Head referred to McMurphy, as a Jesus by believing if he d touch him it would regenerate him. When the adult female at the well touched Jesus, she drew strength from him. Chief said, I merely want to touch him because he s who he is, a stronger force than the Chief was. Ken Kesey uses the fishing trip as symbolic of Christ with the 12 adherents. This symbolic function focused on McMurphy as he led the 12 on the boat out toward the ocean. He perchance led them to be fishers of work forces as Jesus had done with his apostles. R.P. McMurphy sacrificed himself for the other patients as Jesus did for us. McMurphy knew that through his attempts entirely could the patients be redeemed from the control of the Combine. McMurphy saw himself as a spiritual allusion by stating the orderly, anointest my caput with conductant and stating, Will I get a Crown of irritants? . Kesey shows that McMurphy knows he s bigger than the Combine and merely his entry to have daze interventions will finally emancipate the patients. For this, McMurphy can be called a loving individual. As Christ exemplified in his forfeit of ego, what greater love hath no adult male than to give his life for a friend. Kesey s usage of the character R.P. McMurphy allowed the patients to concentrate more on him than themselves. By making this, McMurphy diverted their ideas off from their preoccupation with ego to a greater world. Compare this to the spiritual factor of projecting you burdens upon the Lord. As a consequence, patients like Chief, Billy Bibbit and Cheswick ( before his decease ) learned a sense of independency and the ability to do a base for themselves. McMurphy being lobotomized is the symbolisation of Jesus being crucified. There is small belief he s gone ; although, they really see his hitch and bruised organic structure. As Christ life so spoke for itself in decease, McMurphy s life besides grew greater after crucifixion ( leukotomy ) . His spirit as Christ s will populate on in his followings. In decision, analysing One Flew over the Cuckoo s Nest, in the signifier of a spiritual unfavorable judgment allows me to believe that no affair how corrupting society is, one can happen freedom in a Christ-like figure or through their religion or belief in a higher being. Indeed, the parts of Jesus Christ and Randle P. McMurphy will travel unnoticed by a society excessively concerned with itself to detect anything else, much less than the truth.

Causes of Suicide - Emile Durk essays

Causes of Suicide - Emile Durk essays The causes of suicide (especially in males) will try to be explained by using the theories of Emile Durkheim and numerous other ideas by familiar sociologists. Modern approaches to the study of suicide are preoccupied by the idea of 'risk' factors but it is argued that this approach does little to advance the understandings of suicide rates. Durkheim provided a realist theory. By contrast modern approaches to the study of suicide which talk of 'risk factors' (Bluementhal Charlton, 1993; Davison 'Risk theory' has become the dominant framework within which approaches to the study of suicide are currently framed but it offers little insights into the phenomena. Durkheim however, knew about altruistic suicide deriving from over-integration (Durkheim, 1952, p 171). He offers a theory that might account for it. Risk theory presents us with lists of pre-existing conditions which provide circumstances in which suicides are more likely to occur. Suicide rates for men and women in Canada followed similar trends throughout much of this century until the early 1970's when they diverged. Rates reduced during both the First and Second World Wars, rose during the depression of the nineteen thirties and rose again, unsteadily, with post war economic growth to a peak in the nineteen sixties (World Health Statistics Annual). All these fluctuations are as Durkheim could have predicted. The significant resulting trend has been the gender divergence with young male suicide rates climbing steadily since that time and women's declining. Overall rates show that suicide is currently five times as common in men as in women in Canada (World Health Statistics Annual 1993 and 1994, 1994 and 1995). Given that the suicide rates among young men in Canada and the US have risen disturbingly in recent years the question that is being asked is why? In both countries it seems as if...

Article on Karl Marx and Private Enterprise

Article on Karl Marx and Private Enterprise Karl Marx is the most controversial economist in history. His writings are studied and debated. He is frequently linked with communism and that association has biased many people against him. Marxs link to communism were formed because many of the socialist dictators such as Lenin studied Marx intensively, however it is erroneous to assume that Marx was a proponent of communism. He was however a critic of capitalism. He studied capitalism extensively and much of his writings focus on the problems with capitalism and specifically on the exploitation of the worker. By examining the origination of capitalism and the Marxist critique of capitalism, we can gain a better understanding of Marxs viewpoints and separate Marxs views from many of the misunderstandings surrounding Marx. Marx spent a great deal of time examining the conversion of the feudal society to a capitalist society. Before the conversion to capitalism took place, England experienced an industrial revolution. This revolution took place from the 10th to the 14th centuries. Around this time, the Plaque that wreaked havoc on England and wiped out nearly half of its population was over. After the Plague ended, many people inherited a lot of wealth and spending on extravagant items became very common. Additionally, it was during this time that technological advances moved industry forward. The invention of the loom made it possible to create linens rapidly and inexpensively and Englands textile industry flourished. Soon after that came the invention of the printing press, which changed allowed for the efficient transfer of information. It was no longer necessary to learn how to do things directly through human contact. This spread of information made it possible for the people of England to organize themselves and to expand their knowledge in different areas of industry. During the 16th and 17th centuries England experienced a turning point in its economic history. During the reign of Charles I, England was going through a period of economic shrinkage. Up until this time English monarchy favored an economic system that was monopolistic in nature. The reason for this is that it gave England greater control over profits and taxation. However, as the merchant class began to grow, Englands economic policies began to hinder further growth. The merchant class (referred to by Marx as the bourgeoisie) began to compete with the monopolies and Englands economy grew increasingly unstable. The rising bourgeoisie began to enclose their land and focused their efforts more and more and their own material gain. These economic factors were, in a large part, responsible for the eventual revolution and execution of the King of England, Charles I. The conversion to capitalism took place over a large period of time, but the changes that took place affected every aspect of society. It changed not only industry, but also politics, religion, laws, and peoples social interactions. In feudalism, wealth was tied to the land. Society was based on agriculture and 90% of the people worked the land. If someone owned land they were wealthy; the society was divided into two classes, landowners and non-landowners. In feudalism, wealth was inherited. Land was passed on when the landowner died to his descendants and therefore it was impossible for serfs to move up. With capitalism this all changed. Wealth was linked to trade and production. For the first time, serfs had the ability to acquire some wealth because wealth was no longer based on lineage. Under this new system, owning a business became the major way to generate wealth, which created some opportunity for serfs that had a skill. Furthermore, land became a commodity that could be bou ght and sold. Previously, land did not change hands and the king could seize it at any time. In capitalism property was bought and sold and people could do with it whatever they wished. In feudalism profits were considered immoral, but under capitalism profits became the way to obtain a better life. Capitalism is the separation of the economy and the state. It is a social system based upon private ownership of the means of production, which entails a completely uncontrolled and unregulated economy where all land is privately owned. Capitalism has been described as the a social harmony through the pursuit of self-interest. This is because those who promote capitalism, believe in that by leaving the state of the economy unregulated, and by each individual left in pursuit of his own self-interests, the economy will automatically adjust itself so that is runs with maximum efficiency. Today in the United States we live in a capitalist society (although our economy is not purely capitalistic because it is not completely unregulated). Under this system a large and growing section of the population survives based on the condition that it works for the owners of the means of production. Production became a key component of this new way of life. Marx defines social class as relations to means of production. Society class structure changed. Instead of society being divided into the landowners and non-landowners, it was divided into those the capitalist and the worker. Capitalists built huge factories instead of small workshops and began to employee hundred of workers at a time. The capitalist owned the factory, the land, and the raw materials and instructed the worker on what to do. Then the goods produced were sold and the capitalist paid the worker a wage and kept the profits. At a time when 90% of England were poor, former serfs, capitalists found plenty of people willing to work for almost nothing. Although, a select few of the workers who were skilled earned a slightly higher wage, the majority worked to just enough money to sustain themselves. The capitalist paid as low a wage as possible and tried to sell their products for as high a price as possible. Most cap italists were very successful. They reinvested their money into new ventures and their wealth grew. Marx recognized that Capitalism divides society into classes, whose interests are not only different, but are opposed to each other. According to Marx the relationship between the capitalist and the worker is inherently antagonistic. What one gains is lost to the other. Because of this he felt that it was inevitable that the worker would have to rise up against the capitalist. Lets take a closer look at the capitalist-worker relationship and how workers wages are determined. The same principles that determine the price of goods also determine the wages. Supply and demand and the competition for labor determine wages by the capitalists. This is what causes the cost of labor to fluctuate and the fluctuations revolve around the cost of producing labor. The costs can be described as the cost of maintaining and training the worker. The easier a worker is to replace or the less training required to educate a worker, the smaller his wage. If there is little or no training necessary, a workers wages will equal the subsistence wage (the minimum amount necessary for a worker to survive). In addition the subsistence wage the capitalist must also consider the cost of replacing worn out workers. The addition of this cost to the subsistence wage is the minimum wage. Although many workers do live and work for a wage below this level, the minimum wage correlates to the wa ges of the entire working class and this wage is the point about which wages of the workers fluctuates. Understanding how wages are determined in the capitalist society we can now examine the relationship between labor and capital in more detail. The laborer receives wages in exchange for his labor. The laborer receives this wage which provides him a method of survival in that he can by food, clothes, and shelter. However, the subsistence wage will not provide the worker any means of economic progression. It will not provide him a way of moving up from the lower classes. An example of this would be a factory worker. He works for one day and is paid for his work ten dollars. The factory owner earns twenty dollars for the work put forth by the worker after subtracting the wage that he pays the worker. Therefore, the employer has created for himself twenty dollars by doing nothing more than giving the laborer work. The factory owner can then use the twenty dollars to reinvest in the factory or in another venture, increasing his wealth. The laborer on the other hand, earns his ten dollars a day, which is only sufficient for him to purchase necessities. It is often said that in capitalism it is in the best interest of the worker and the capitalist for the capitalists ventures to succeed. This is true in that if the venture does not succeed, the worker nor the capitalist will reap a reward. However, when it does succeed it is the capitalist who has the opportunity to increase his wealth and it is in the capitalists best interests that the worker not be given opportunity to earn more than the subsistence wage he is being paid. The growth of the business under capitalism will logically benefit a select number of capitalists. The few who are fortunate enough to have wealth have the opportunity for their wealth to grow. However the worker is not as fortunate. Marx knew that a growth in profits for a firm did not help the worker as one might suspect. In fact, a growth in profits would imprison the worker. When profits increase, wages might also increase but not at the same proportion to profit. An increase in profits for a firm of 30 percent could translate roughly to an increase in wages of 5 percent. Even though wages rose, they rose proportionately less that profits. Therefore the relative wage has not increased, but in fact it has gotten smaller. As the few capitalists increase their wealth, the gap between the rich and the poor must widen. The size of the working class (Marx refers to them as proletariats) grows in number, but their individual wealth is stagnant. The relationship between the two classes i s a control relationship of the capitalist over the worker. This is not a great improvement over the relationship between the feudal lords and the serfs. In the best case scenario a capitalist economy prospers to the point that wages are driven up. Even in this case, however, the gap that would develop between the rich and the poor is so unproportional that it would be impossible for the laborer to increase his standard of living in a pure capitalist economy. We can see that even the best possible situation for the working class does not improve their situation. The material position of the worker may rise slightly, but his social position continues to decline. Marx refers to the manner in which a capitalist controls the worker and reaps the rewards of his labor as exploitation of the worker. The capitalist exploits the worker by using him in the production of goods and using the profit that was generated by the workers labor for his own gain. We will look at how this is done, but first we need to understand how the value of a good or a commodity is measured. By gaining that understanding we can then look at the value added to a product by the laborer and what portion of that value is rewarded to him. It had been a problem for economists to determine how the value of a good is derived. It had been determined that prices of all commodities including labor, are continuously rising and falling and that the price of the goods can rise and fall because of factors that had nothing to do with the production of the good itself. The determination of value was a problem that many economists tried to resolve. Marx was the first economist to investigate thoroughly the notion that the value of a good is determined by the labor put into producing the good. He believed that the value of a commodity was based on all labor, past and present, put into creating the good. This established a way of measuring the true value of good. However this theory had some problems. How is the value of labor determined? How do we express the value of labor when labor itself is used to measure value? Classical Economists contrast these problems that were faced by Marx (as well as other economists such as David Ricardo), with another theory. This theory suggests that the value of a commodity is equal to its cost of production. Under this idea, the value of labor can be determined by the cost of sustaining him or the cost of replacing him. Another way of looking at the exploitation of the worker is by examining the number of hours put into producing a product. The value of each product consists of three parts, according to Marx: the first part is the amount of constant capital put into a good, the second part is the amount of variable capital used to create the good (wages), and the third is the surplus value. The surplus value is the value of a good above and beyond the value that was paid to the worker in the form of wages. In fact by dividing the surplus value by the workers wages we are able to derive the Rate of Exploitation of the worker. So for example a workers wage might equal half of the value of the good he produced. The other half of the value that the worker added is the surplus value and the surplus value is taken for profit by the capitalist. By looking at the relationship between the worker and the capitalist one thing is certain. The value of a good is determined either directly or indirectly by the worker. The value is either composed of the actual units of labor used to produce the product or the cost of labor is used as part the valuation of the good (in addition to the other costs such as materials and machinery). Regardless the worker is reduced to a tool used by the Capitalist and he is nothing more than a component in the production process. And that is what Marx felt would cause the strain and the inevitable rebellion of the worker. It is important to note that despite the common misperception, Marx did not feel that Capitalism is all bad. He recognized that it ended feudalism which was far worse. In many ways he looked at Capitalism as a segue to something better. He believed that Capitalism was dynamic and constantly changing and this leads to the promotion of technology and spurs advances in science. He also knew that Capitalism was an efficient way of creating material wealth. However, despite capitalisms advantages, Marx could not over look its disadvantages. It divides people into classes, which in and of itself, Marx believed, creates problems. It produces wealth for few and unhappiness for many. He believed that a worker is not just selling his labor, he is selling his humanness. He believed that a Capitalist economy will grow for decades (although their will be periods of recession and depression), but the capitalist system can not flourish indefinitely because by isolating the worker and creating the tension that must exist between the capitalist and the worker, capitalism must fall. The workers will eventually organize themselves and overthrow capitalism and then capitalism will be regarded as feudalism is now, as a stepping stone to something better.

Discuss the implications of your interpretation for social justice Essay

Discuss the implications of your interpretation for social justice - Essay Example This is a chart which tells the viewer that there is not much change in very poor demographics, and that poverty seems to be a cycle that keeps households in low incomes at levels of low opportunity to change incomes. Thinking of how this chart relates to social justice, one can think about various theoretical and practical measures that can develop to solve the problem of income disparity and of the poor remaining poor, domestically. There are many tactics to use, ranging from class-struggle theory to the more practical application of income variability advocacy and systemic delivery of access to equal education from private and public entities. Advocacy on the issue of equity within a universal and equalized educational system not based on property tax rates, could be developed to fight for social justice on a targeted and specific level by expanding the definition of the problem to focus on the people who are living in impoverished situations. Social justice advocacy could examine development based on accessibility, the cycle of poverty, and attention to the local level in examining the problems on a policy level as well It is important to approach the problem of poverty’s perpetuation directly rather indirectly, but effectively, by assaying investment trends and asking unanswered questions, following an estimation of where the money goes in terms of the populations who seem to need it most. Others describe the cycle of poverty more directly, not just in offhanded terms buried within a chart that is basically about making money, but as a direct study of impoverished areas that relies extensively on previous studies and seeks to establish demographic patterns. Although these two perspectives are basically talking about the same thing in terms of distance, the approach used by different methods of presentation is varied. Overall, however, those in low income areas have traditionally experienced difficulties in

Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Success - Essay Example Success is a reward that is achieved by those who work hard and have a strong will. Although there are those who succeed by luck, most people in the world must hard in order to achieve what they want. For example, students work hard to get better grades. Athletes work hard to win games. Merchants work hard to succeed in their businesses. Technology firms work hard to keep up with the competition in the market. Therefore, success is the ultimate reward for hard work. In life, there is no one who is willing to work hard without getting anything out of it. Although the motivation of working hard differs with individuals, success is nonetheless the ultimate gain for working hard. Success is one of the motivators of living. It is what prevents people from losing hope in life. Usually, everyone has the desire of achieving something great at some point in their lives. However, things may not always happen as expected. When one tries to work hard to achieve what he or she considers great, failure stands along the path. People fail quite often in what they do before succeeding. In the event of failure, the desire to succeed prevents one from giving up. For example, an athlete who loses a game has hopes of winning again at some point in their career. Also, a merchant who makes enormous losses in business does not give up working in the same field. The merchant finds consolation by hoping that they will one day succeed. If there were no success or hope of succeeding, life itself could lose meaning. For instance, there is no one who is willing to do something that they know they will fail forever. Success is happiness. In life, when one achieves personal goals by working hard, there is no doubt that the individual will be happy. Success, a term that is equivalent to the attainment of goals, brings positive moods to individuals. To a student, success is passing exams and getting the best grades. If a student

An Analysis of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Essays -- GDP Economy Econ

An Analysis of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The current state of the economy in the United States has been slow in recent months. While the economy is not currently in a recession, we may eventually fall victim to the first recession we’ve had in nearly ten years. The economy in general is showing growth, just not much. It will be difficult to predict what exactly will happen to the US economy in the future. Many economists do not agree on what will become of the economy. Some feel that we will begin a recession over the next year, and some feel that there is significant policy implementation that will allow us to dodge a recession and regain our economic strength. There are many factors that make up the US economy. The means in which I will discuss the overall growth and current status of the economy is by analyzing the Gross Domestic Product, and discuss the factors that cause it to rise and fall. The GDP is the total aggregate income of the United States. It is comprised of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. The GDP in the fourth quarter of 2000 grew at a 1.1% annual rate, the lowest since a 0.8% increase in the second quarter of 1995. The below par performance in GDP is due to those factors that comprise the GDP. The most important of which is consumption. Consumption in the United States has been less than expected mainly due to low consumer confidence. Consumer confidence has hit a 10 year low with an index of 106.8 as reported by Alan Greenspan. In the past 2 months the index number has plummeted nearly 22 points, the biggest decrease since the 1990-1991 recession. The reason for this recent drop in consumer confidence is due to several key factors. One factor is the poor performance of the stock market. The Dow Jones is down from its peak that was hit last year, but has now rebounded slightly. The Nasdaq took a dive with the decrease in t he prices of tech stocks. The Nasdaq has fallen nearly 56% from its peak in March of 2000. The Wilshire 5000, which is a broader market, is also down by about 22%. Also a factor in dropping consumer confidence is the fear of more layoffs by major employers. The media has paid a lot of attention to large layoffs of companies, yet the labor markets still remain fairly tight. The natural rate of unemployment in the US is approximately 5%, which is higher than the actual rate... ...ints on congress never materialized. If the rate of domestic spending had risen at the same rate as inflation, at the end of his presidency, the government would have had a surplus of almost 250 billion dollars. The way that supply-side economics works is by increasing the disposable income of the taxpayer, which will inevitably increase consumption. The theory is that if people get to retain more of the money that they earn they will work better and longer thus increasing productivity as well as the quality of goods. President Bush’s tax cut plan if done correctly will help greatly to get the US economy to increase its growth. So is the United States in a recession? The answer is no it isn’t. The US has had a period of sluggish growth, but still it has been positive. The economy will have to grow at a negative rate over the next two quarters in order for the US to be in a recession. But is there cause for concern that a recession may occur? Yes there is, but the government’s interventions should keep the US from falling victim to recession. I believe that the economy will eventually pick itself back up and avoid a recession. The GDP will once again grow at a quick pace.

An Analysis of the Poem Dusting by Julia Alvarez

Sarah Winn 11/13/12 Literature Mrs. Wiggins â€Å"Dusting† Julia Alvarez In the poem â€Å"Dusting† written by Julia Alvarez, a young girl tries to leave imprints on the dusty objects in her house in which later are wiped away by her mother. ‘Each morning I wrote my name / on the dusty cabinet, then crossed / the dining table in script, scrawled / in capitals on the back of chairs, / practicing signatures like scales† (1-5) I believe that the author is trying to compare the young girl’s aspirations to her mother’s.In life, the girl wishes to leave her imprint on the world. Her goals are larger than life itself, and they refuse to break. No matter how often her mother wiped away the smudged fingerprints, they would always reappear. In the poem, the girls shows us how she â€Å"refused with every mark / to be like her, anonymous† (17-18). This statement shows us how the girl feels about her mother’s accomplishments.She believes tha t her mother achieved as much as anyone else; her mother’s achievements are almost transparent to her – anonymous. She can’t stand the thought of ending up like this, so day after day, she continues to leave her mark. As a child, your aspirations are wild. Many of us wish to accomplish more in our lives than our family members, especially some of our parents. At some point we all wish to be recognized as something bigger – something that no one has witnessed before.We have a need for appreciation. Ever since I was young, I’ve wanted to accomplish great things. I’ve hit setbacks in school and at home, but I’ve never let them break me. Even when I was little, whenever I received a good grade on an assignment or test, I would rush home to call my mom and dad to tell them. Seeing that look in their eyes that says â€Å"I’m so proud to call you mine. † Thats what gives a child the will to succeed. The will to never let those small fingerprints across the table disappear.